http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Water_turbine.svg
Francis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_turbinehttp://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/27407.aspx
kaplan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaplan_Turbinehttp://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/27426.aspx
PELTON WHEEL:
http://www.voithhydro.com/media/hypow_13_05.pdfWorking Principle of
Pelton TurbineThe high speed water jets emerging form the nozzles
strike the buckets at splitters, placed at the middle of a bucket,
from where jets are divided into two equal streams. These stream flow
along the inner curve of the bucket and leave it in the direction
opposite to that of incoming jet. The high speed water jets running
the Pelton Wheel Turbine are obtained by expanding the high pressure
water through nozzles to the atmospheric pressure. The high pressure
water can be obtained from any water body situated at some height or
streams of water flowing down the hills.The change in
momentum (direction as well as speed) of water stream produces an
impulse on the blades of the wheel of Pelton Turbine. This impulse
generates the torque and rotation in the shaft of Pelton Turbine. To
obtain the optimum output from the Pelton Turbine the impulse received
by the blades should be maximum. For that, change in momentum of the
water stream should be maximum possible. That is obtained when the
water stream is deflected in the direction opposite to which it
strikes the buckets and with the same speed relative to the buckets.
Read more: http://www.brighthub.com/engineering/mechanical/articles/26777.aspx#ixzz0eUKoWVO8
Image Of Water Turbine:
-Source: JULIE MISS, Dept. Of Civil Engg.
